神戸大学附属図書館デジタルアーカイブ
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https://doi.org/10.24546/00181181
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2024-03-29
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00181181 (fulltext)
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メタデータID
00181181
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open access
出版タイプ
Version of Record
タイトル
外国人労働者と女子パートタイム労働者
ガイコクジン ロウドウシャ ト ジョシ パート タイム ロウドウシャ
その他のタイトル
Foreign Workers and Female Part-time Workers
著者
著者名
三谷, 直紀
Mitani, Naoki
ミタニ, ナオキ
所属機関名
神戸大学大学院国際協力研究科
収録物名
国際協力論集
巻(号)
1(1)
ページ
101-127
出版者
神戸大学大学院国際協力研究科
刊行日
1993-06
公開日
2007-04-11
抄録
This paper investigated empirically whether unskilled foreign workers are substitutes of female part-time workers. The analysis is based on regional data for France and for Japan. The results shed some light on the hypothesis that the high proportion of female part-time workers in the manufacturing sector in Japan is associated with the small number of foreign workers. The analysis of regional data for France, stemming from the Labour Force Survey, shows that, in the tertiary sectors with high employment growth or high proportion of female workers, the proportion of female French part-time workers is higher in the regions with lower proportion of foreign workers than in the regions with higher proportion of foreign workers. It implies that foreign workers are substitutes of female part-time workers in these sectors. But in the agricultural sector and many sectors in industry, we could not find out such sharp relationship between the proportion of foreign workers and that of female part-time workers. The reasons for this might be that, in the latter sectors, France had already received many unskilled foreign workers, before female part-time workers participated in a large number to the labour market and that, in these sectors, most of which are declining, employment has decreased sharply. The analysis of the data on male cohorts by nationality in Japan, stemming from the Population Census, shows that the inflow of foreign males whose nationalities are not Chinese, Korean, nor American increased dramatically in the latter half of the 1980's. Compared with the number of female part-time workers, their number is not so significant in the whole Japan on average, but in some prefectures, they reached to about 5% of the number of the female part-time workers in the total local economy, and about 10% in the manufacturing sector. Since this is the minimum estimate of the inflow, the real volume of the inflow of foreign workers seems to be fairly larger than this. Based on the estimation of the inflow of foreign workers from the Population Census, we tried an econometric analysis on the effects of the inflow of (unskilled) foreign workers on the wages or the employment of female part-time workers. The results show that there is no statistically significant effect on the wages of female part-time workers, but some significant negative effect on the employment of female part-time workers in the manufacturing sector. The above results have revealed to some extent that unskilled foreign workers are substitutes of female part-time workers, especially those working as production workers in the manufacturing sector. If this is true, a large inflow of unskilled foreign workers would have not only adverse effects on the labour market situation of female part-time workers, but also negative effects on the flexibility of the Japanese labour market. First. The low cyclical fluctuation of the Japanese unemployment rate is partly due to the highly sensitive pro-cyclical labour supply behaviors of female part-time workers in the manufacturing sector. The large inflow of foreign workers would weaken this effect, getting rid of female part-time workers from this sector. Second. If a large number of unskilled foreign workers remained in low-wage declining sectors, severe structural unemployment might take place in the future just as it is happenning currently in Western European countries. Consequently, it is necessary to reinforce employment measures such as training schemes for the foreign workers whom Japan accepts, along with more efficient control of illegal foreign workers. Finally, it is also important to gather correct information on foreign workers in Japan.
カテゴリ
国際協力研究科
国際協力論集
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1巻
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1巻1号 創刊号(1993-06)
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資源タイプ
departmental bulletin paper
言語
Japanese (日本語)
ISSN
0919-8636
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NCID
AN10418744
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関連情報
NAID
110000551613
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URI
http://www.research.kobe-u.ac.jp/gsics-publication/jics/
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