00182904

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E B ハース ノ トウゴウロン リエキ イデオロギー コクサイ セイド

E.B.Haas's Integration Theories : Interests, Ideologies, and International Institutions

国際協力論集

7(1)

113-142

神戸大学大学院国際協力研究科

1999-06

2007-05-23

The purpose of this paper is to explain the logics underlying Ernst B. Haas' s theories of (1) regional integration， (2) international integration， (3) international regime， and (4) international organization. The first section raises six questions on them: (1)What is the mechanism of spill-over， and what is the meaning of its automaticity? (2) What is the difference between functionalism and neo-functionalism? (3) Does the theory of regional integration have the same logic as that of international integration? (4) Has he abandoned theories of integration completely to develop that of international regime? (5) Are international organizations merely a procedure of international regime? (6) What is his moving from the theory of regional integration to that of international organization and what is the implication? The second section examines the framework of each theory so as to give answers to the questions above. Findings are (1) The spill-over means that group interests are redefined into supranational ideology within a regional organization. It occurs on the condition that group interests are associated with ‘the combined social-welfaie economic democracy ideology.' The so-called automaticity of spill-over means that the economic integration is very likely to cause political integration under some specific conditions in terms of objective variables. (2) While functionalism assumes that harmony among human beings is attained without shared ideologies， neo-functionalism proposes that group conflicts are settled with a help of supranational ideology. (3) In the theory of international integration， unlike that of regional integration， no ideologies associated with group interests are assumed if they are redefined into supranational ideology within an international organization. (4) In the theory of regime， while the organizational framework in which group interests are connected with supranational ideology is abandoned， the decision-making process for forming the supranational ideology is adopted. As the result， international organizations come to play the role of implementing the ideology agreed in the regime. (5) In the theory of international organization， the organizational framework is readopted， and the decision-making process is being improved due to universalizing scientific ideology. As a result， some ideology agreed in the regime will be developed and eventually the attitudes of elites would become tolerant. (6) Interest politics and pluralism underlie the four theories and the focus of those theories shifts to the structure for developing common cognition among elites ，from the relationship between elites and group interests or from the cognition among elites. The paper concludes with a summary of the above discussions.

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