神戸大学附属図書館デジタルアーカイブ
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https://doi.org/10.24546/00228625
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2024-04-19
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00228625 (fulltext)
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メタデータID
00228625
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open access
出版タイプ
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タイトル
グローバル社会における討議民主主義の展望
グローバル シャカイ ニ オケル トウギ ミンシュ シュギ ノ テンボウ
その他のタイトル
Prospect of Deliberative Democracy in Global Society
著者
著者名
川村, 暁雄
Kawamura, Akio
カワムラ, アキオ
所属機関名
神戸大学大学院国際協力研究科
収録物名
国際協力論集
巻(号)
8(1)
ページ
169-190
出版者
神戸大学大学院国際協力研究科
刊行日
2000-06
公開日
2007-05-28
抄録
This paper is aimed at proposing a theoretical framework to evaluate potential for the fairer social relations in the globalizing world. For this purpose, the concepts of global society, system integration and social integration are introduced based on the analysis of Martin Shaw, Anthony Giddens and Jurgen Habermas. Here, global society is defined as a social sphere where intensification of worldwide social relations links distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa. System integration is then defined as social relation controlled by abstract symbols, e.g. money and power in the case of market system and bureaucratic systems respectively, whereas social integration is defined as social relation based on shared norms and collective goals. As Shaw observes, global society is a sphere where system integration is intensifying while social integration lags behind. In the second section, theoretical analysis is made in order to explain how worldwide system integration leads to the social integration. Two factors contributing to the global social integration are pointed out; (1) universal endorsement of the principle of equality of human being, which enables communication among members of different societies; and (2) creation of regimes which generate arena for communication and instruments for steering systems. In the third section, normative model for social integration is studied based upon the three-model-analysis of democracy proposed by Habermas. Here, the liberal model, a rights based concept of democracy, and republican model, a communitarian interpretation of democracy, are critically analyzed. Then, deliberative model of democracy, which is based on the theory of communicative action, is proposed as most plausible model for interpretation of democracy. It is noted that public sphere, which is defined as an open network of communication, and autonomous civil society organizations are critically important for deliberative democracy for two reasons; (1) public sphere makes possible the rational opinionand will-formation through judgement of different kinds of validity claim, (2) communication in public sphere may strengthen solidarity - which is the resource for social integration - by mutual recognition. Based on this concept of deliberative democracy, it concludes that genesis of global deliberative democracy could be observed to some extent without the existence of institutionalized public sphere - that is global parliament - by focusing on the functioning of the less institutionalized public sphere. In the fourth section, the concept of Cosmopolitan Democracy advocated by David Held is reviewed. It is noted that, as the cosmopolitan model of democracy envisages embedment of democratic public law in different social relations, it does not depend solely on central government, and therefore avoid the pessimistic prospects for global governance shared by, among others, Rawls and communitarians. However, as it is heavily dependent on liberal model of democracy, it neglects the necessity of "solidarity", and therefore lacks perspective on social process that leads to the institutionalization of Cosmopolitan Democracy. It is concluded that, though the institutional framework envisioned by the Cosmopolitan Democracy is enlightening, it should be reinforced by deliberative model of democracy. In the fifth section, Global Deliberative Democracy is proposed as a normative model against which the institutional and social developments are to be evaluated. Institutionally, learning from the Cosmopolitan Democracy, it is stressed that social relation should be governed by constitutional principle which make participation of the concerned people in the decision making process possible. The principle Should guarantee the freedom and equality but the detail should be left to be decided by the public deliberation. The struggle for participation in such a deliberation should be regarded as a process of structuration where the constitutional principles are structuralized. The social aspects of deliberative democracy includes; a social preference where deliberation are chosen when there are conflicts, and globalization of public sphere where national public spheres are interconnected and global public sphere surrounds and influence regimes. In conclusion, it is noted that Global Deliberative Democracy can be used for normative evaluation of the development of regimes by differentiating system and social integration. It is also mentioned that the concept should be used to review the process of functional integration and concept of global governance from the normative perspective.
カテゴリ
国際協力研究科
国際協力論集
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8巻
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8巻1号(2000-06)
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資源タイプ
departmental bulletin paper
言語
Japanese (日本語)
ISSN
0919-8636
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AN10418744
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110000551565
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URI
http://www.research.kobe-u.ac.jp/gsics-publication/jics/
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