神戸大学附属図書館デジタルアーカイブ
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https://doi.org/10.24546/00520275
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2024-04-19
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00520275 (fulltext)
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メタデータID
00520275
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open access
出版タイプ
Version of Record
タイトル
米国捕鯨政策の転換 : 国際捕鯨委員会での規制状況および米国内における鯨類保護政策の展開をもとめて
ベイコク ホゲイ セイサク ノ テンカン コクサイ ホゲイ イインカイ デノ キセイ ジョウキョウ オヨビ ベイコクナイ ニオケル ゲイルイ ホゴ セイサク ノ テンカイ オ モトメテ
その他のタイトル
International Whaling Commission, management of marine mammals, and the transformation of U. S. whaling policy
著者
著者名
真田, 康弘
Sanada, Yasuhiro
サナダ, ヤスヒロ
所属機関名
神戸大学大学院国際協力研究科
収録物名
国際協力論集
巻(号)
14(3)
ページ
139-159
出版者
神戸大学大学院国際協力研究科
刊行日
2007-03
公開日
2007-05-22
抄録
When we consider the history of the International Whaling Commission (IWC), one of the watershed events is the U.S. proposal for a 10-year moratorium of all commercial whaling in the IWC as well as the U.N. Conference on the Human Environment in 1972. This article examines how and why the U.S. adopted such a radical policy. Our conclusion is as follows. First, though the IWC embarked on strengthening the management measures from the mid-1960s, these actions were seen to be insufficient to prevent the depletion of whales. Scientific uncertainty, failure to adopt species-specific management system, and the violation of regulations within some member nations militated against effective management. Second, on the initiative of some animal protection groups, concern over the marine mammals attracted public attention, moving some Congressmen to submit a bill which prescribed the blanket prohibition of killing marine mammals. To counteract such a move, the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) considered to submit another bill. Although this attempt did not bring to fruition, the gist of the proposal was succeeded by the bill called the Marine Mammal Protection Act. After several amendments, this bill which prescribed moratorium of taking marine mammals with some exceptions and strict regulatory measures passed in 1972. Third, the U.S. advocated strong conservation measures in the IWC annual meeting in 1971. In spite of some progress, the result of the IWC met with severe criticism in the U.S.. Though some members of U.S. delegation and bureaucrats from the State and Commerce Departments claimed that moratorium was unnecessary, the Russians circumvented the implementation of the international observer scheme, making the officials from CEQ and the Interior Department urge drastic policy change on whaling. The Commerce Department conceded their demand at last, and made a decision that U.S. should support or propose 10-year moratorium of all commercial whaling.
カテゴリ
国際協力研究科
国際協力論集
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14巻
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14巻3号(2007-03)
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資源タイプ
departmental bulletin paper
言語
Japanese (日本語)
ISSN
0919-8636
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NCID
AN10418744
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関連情報
NAID
110006226645
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URI
http://www.research.kobe-u.ac.jp/gsics-publication/jics/
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