神戸大学附属図書館デジタルアーカイブ
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https://doi.org/10.24546/81011968
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2024-03-30
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81011968 (fulltext)
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81011968
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open access
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Version of Record
タイトル
現代版「法の移植」再考 : ベトナムとミャンマーの土地法改革から
ゲンダイバン「ホウ ノ イショク」サイコウ : ベトナム ト ミャンマー ノ トチホウ カイカク カラ
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Contemporary "Legal Transplant" : A Review of Land Law Reforms in Vietnam and Myanmar
著者
著者ID
A1671
研究者ID
1000010291981
KUID
https://kuid-rm-web.ofc.kobe-u.ac.jp/profile/ja.f2f28f96165ce602520e17560c007669.html
著者名
金子, 由芳
Kaneko, Yuka
カネコ, ユカ
所属機関名
国際協力研究科
収録物名
国際協力論集
巻(号)
27(2)
ページ
33-60
出版者
神戸大学大学院国際協力研究科
刊行日
2020-01-31
公開日
2020-02-20
抄録
While “legal transplant” is a topic continuously explored in the field of comparative legal studies, this paper purports to incorporate the contemporary context of international donor-driven legal reforms in Asia into the main stream of “legal transplant” studies. In contrast to the traditional arguments on “legal transplant” that have focused on the formal law, either statutory law or jurisprudence, this paper finds it the task of the Asian comparativist on law & society to pay attention to the conflict of norms in the interface between the “transplanted” formal law and the local norms which has historically been inherited in the fundamental basis of the social normative order that has been succeeded for unmemorable long time until constituting the unwritten constitution of the society. Even the powerful donor agencies would not be allowed to intervene to the essence of such firmly and commonly established fundamental belief of a society. This paper focuses on the land law reform in Vietnam and Myanmar, each representing the different legal family, civil law and common law, while sharing commonness in that both has attempted an independent law-making in the post-colonial nation-building period to restore the pre-colonial land regime that secured the livelihood basis of agricultural population. Both legal concepts of “land use right(quyen su dung dat)” in Vietnam and “land use right for cultivation(loat paing kwint)” in Myanmar have been the product of law-makers’ restorative attempt of farmland security, while intentionally avoiding the usage of term “ownership” containing the freedom of disposition that will result in the capitalist transaction of land as commodity. However the contemporary land law reforms led by the donor-oriented “legal transplant” in these countries have resulted in the plunder of such sincerely chosen name of peasants’ rights for farmland security policy, by reintroducing the same mechanisms of land exploitations as existed in the colonial days, such as the Torrens style land titling system coupled with the deregulation of farmland transactions, as well as the waste land nationalization method and the extended application of land expropriation to the privatized projects. When the indirect democracy via parliamentary system only results in the controlled law-making for the farmland exploitation under the donor pressure of “legal transplant,” local agricultural population will dare to rise to claim the core essence of the social norm descended from the unmemorable past as unwritten constitution. It is a task entrusted to the Asian comparativists to identify the workable mechanisms to induce such hard core social norms into the reformation of formal law, which might be a contribution to requisitioning, and bringing an end to, the centuries’ long movement of “legal transplant” since Roman law reception that established, spread, and has expanded the modern capitalist law until losing its self-control.
カテゴリ
国際協力研究科
国際協力論集
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27巻
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27巻2号(2020-01-31)
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資源タイプ
departmental bulletin paper
言語
Japanese (日本語)
ISSN
0919-8636
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NCID
AN10418744
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URI
http://www.research.kobe-u.ac.jp/gsics-publication/jics/
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