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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14094/90004221
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2024-05-09
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90004221 (fulltext)
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5.83 MB
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メタデータID
90004221
アクセス権
open access
出版タイプ
Version of Record
タイトル
Shortwave radiative forcing, rapid adjustment, and feedback to the surface by sulfate geoengineering: analysis of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project G4 scenario
著者
Kashimura, Hiroki ; Abe, Manabu ; Watanabe, Shingo ; Sekiya, Takashi ; Ji, Duoying ; Moore, John C. ; Cole, Jason N. S. ; Kravitz, Ben
著者ID
A2028
研究者ID
1000080635186
KUID
https://kuid-rm-web.ofc.kobe-u.ac.jp/search/detail?systemId=545c0fa0e041a543520e17560c007669
著者名
Kashimura, Hiroki
樫村, 博基
カシムラ, ヒロキ
所属機関名
理学研究科
著者名
Abe, Manabu
著者名
Watanabe, Shingo
著者名
Sekiya, Takashi
著者名
Ji, Duoying
著者名
Moore, John C.
著者名
Cole, Jason N. S.
著者名
Kravitz, Ben
収録物名
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
巻(号)
17(5)
ページ
3339-3356
出版者
Copernicus Publications
刊行日
2017-03-08
公開日
2017-10-10
抄録
This study evaluates the forcing, rapid adjustment, and feedback of net shortwave radiation at the surface in the G4 experiment of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project by analysing outputs from six participating models. G4 involves injection of 5 Tg yr(-1) of SO2, a sulfate aerosol precursor, into the lower stratosphere from year 2020 to 2069 against a background scenario of RCP4.5. A single-layer atmospheric model for shortwave radiative transfer is used to estimate the direct forcing of solar radiation management (SRM), and rapid adjustment and feedbacks from changes in the water vapour amount, cloud amount, and surface albedo (compared with RCP4.5). The analysis shows that the globally and temporally averaged SRM forcing ranges from -3.6 to -1.6 W m(-2), depending on the model. The sum of the rapid adjustments and feedback effects due to changes in the water vapour and cloud amounts increase the downwelling shortwave radiation at the surface by approximately 0.4 to 1.5 W m(-2) and hence weaken the effect of SRM by around 50 %. The surface albedo changes decrease the net shortwave radiation at the surface; it is locally strong (∼ −4 W m(-2)) in snow and sea ice melting regions, but minor for the global average. The analyses show that the results of the G4 experiment, which simulates sulfate geoengineering, include large inter-model variability both in the direct SRM forcing and the shortwave rapid adjustment from change in the cloud amount, and imply a high uncertainty in modelled processes of sulfate aerosols and clouds.
カテゴリ
理学研究科
学術雑誌論文
権利
© Author(s) 2017. CC Attribution 3.0 License.
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資源タイプ
journal article
言語
English (英語)
ISSN
1680-7316
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eISSN
1680-7324
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関連情報
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3339-2017
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